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<article article-type="abstract" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">CC</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Cardiol Croat</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Cardiologia Croatica</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Cardiol. Croat.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">1848-543X</issn>
<issn pub-type="epub">1848-5448</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Croatian Cardiac Society</publisher-name></publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">CC 2023 18_5-6_154-6</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15836/ccar2023.154</article-id>
<article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Extended Abstract</subject></subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Systemic wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis combined with valvular and ischemic cardiomyopathy</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4915-3935</contrib-id><name><surname>Knaflec</surname><given-names>Tereza</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref><xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1">*</xref></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0384-8088</contrib-id><name><surname>Rogini&#x0107;</surname><given-names>Sini&#x0161;a</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8776-0560</contrib-id><name><surname>Jak&#x0161;i&#x0107;</surname><given-names>Ivan</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5463-5392</contrib-id><name><surname>Rogini&#x0107;</surname><given-names>Martina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7084-707X</contrib-id><name><surname>&#x010C;ajko</surname><given-names>Marija</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0933-6577</contrib-id><name><surname>Mija&#x010D; Mika&#x010D;i&#x0107;</surname><given-names>Nikolina</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4363-1008</contrib-id><name><surname>Futivi&#x0107;</surname><given-names>Domagoj</given-names></name><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<aff id="aff1"><label>1</label><institution>General Hospital Zabok and Hospital of Croatian Veterans, Zabok</institution>, <country country="hr">Croatia</country></aff>
<aff id="aff2"><label>2</label><institution>University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice</institution>, <addr-line>Zagreb</addr-line>, <country country="hr">Croatia</country></aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="cor1"><label>*</label>ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Tereza Knaflec, Op&#x0107;a bolnica Zabok i bolnica hrvatskih veteran, Bra&#x010D;ak 8, HR-49210 Zabok, Croatia. / Phone: +385-98-318-813 / E-mail: <email xlink:href="tknaflec@gmail.com">tknaflec@gmail.com</email></corresp></author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub"><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<issue>5-6</issue>
<fpage>154</fpage>
<lpage>156</lpage>
<history>
<date date-type="received"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date>
<date date-type="accepted"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2023</year></date>
</history>
<permissions>
<copyright-year>2023</copyright-year>
<copyright-holder>Croatian Cardiac Society</copyright-holder>
</permissions>
<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author"><title>KEYWORDS: </title><kwd>cardiomyopathy</kwd><kwd>transthyretin amyloidosis</kwd><kwd>aortic stenosis</kwd><kwd>coronary artery disease</kwd><kwd>heart failure</kwd></kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body>
<p>Aim: To show a case of systemic wild-type transthyretin amyloidosis (wtATTR) combined with valvular and ischemic cardiomyopathy.</p>
<p>Case report: 78-year-old man presented with worsening of congestive chronic heart failure. Medical history includes arterial hypertension, stage 3b chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease, hypothyroidism, syndrome Raynoud (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1"><bold>Figure 1</bold></xref>) and implantation of ICD in secondary prevention. The electrocardiogram showed atrial fibrillation and right bundle branch block. Transthoracic echocardiography (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2"><bold>Figure 2</bold></xref><bold>, </bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3"><bold>Figure 3</bold></xref>) showed reduced left ventricle ejection fraction, biventricular wall thickening (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r1"><italic>1</italic></xref>), global and segmental hypokinesia of inferior wall and basal inferoseptum, decreased global longitudinal systolic function; moderate calcified aortic stenosis (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r2"><italic>2</italic></xref>); biatrial enlargement, moderate mitral and severe secondary tricuspid regurgitation. Based on the absence of monoclonal protein, cardiac scintigraphy was performed with injection of technetium-based compound which confirmed the diagnosis of amyloid transthyretin cardiomyopathy (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r3"><italic>3</italic></xref>) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4"><bold>Figure 4 A and B</bold></xref>). Furthermore, recoronarography excluded progression of coronary artery disease. Peripheral polyneuropathy consistent with amyloidosis was also diagnosed. Guideline based heart failure management resulted in rapid recovery and after discharge patient was ambulatory (NYHA III). He was adherent to therapy without side-effects typical for cardiac amyloidosis (hypotension, etc.) probably due to combined aetiology of cardiomyopathy. Tafamidis (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r4"><italic>4</italic></xref>) is the only medication approved for the treatment of wtATTR cardiomyopathy, slowing the dissociation of transthyretin and further progression of the disease, reducing all-cause mortality and cardiovascular-related hospitalizations compared to placebo. Unfortunately it is not indicated in advanced heart failure present in our patient.</p>
<fig id="f1" position="float" fig-type="figure"><label>FIGURE 1</label><caption><p>Raynaud&#x2019;s syndrome; pallor 5<sup>th</sup> finger of the left hand and cyanotic hands.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="CC202318_5-6_154-6-f1"></graphic></fig>
<fig id="f2" position="float" fig-type="figure"><label>FIGURE 2</label><caption><p>Parasternal long axis view: small left ventricle cavity, left atrial enlargement, biventricular wall thickening.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="CC202318_5-6_154-6-f2"></graphic></fig>
<fig id="f3" position="float" fig-type="figure"><label>FIGURE 3</label><caption><p>Speckle tracking echocardiography: severely reduced global longitudinal strain (-9.0%) with an &#x201C;apical sparing&#x201D;/&#x201D;cherry on the top&#x201D; pattern.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="CC202318_5-6_154-6-f3"></graphic></fig>
<fig id="f4" position="float" fig-type="figure"><label>FIGURE 4</label><caption><p>Cardiac scintigraphy and SPECT/CT; A. Static scintygraphy images showing heart/contralateral tracer uptake ratio &gt;1.5. B. SPECT/CT confirmation that tracer is accumulating in myocardium.</p></caption><graphic xlink:href="CC202318_5-6_154-6-f4"></graphic></fig>
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